1978 - Began training in Isshinryu Karate in Detroit, MI (dojo located on 7-Mile in Detroit, MI) 1982 - Began training in Isshinryu Karate under Grandmaster Willie Adams (dojo located at Dexter-Davison in Detroit, MI) I have also received instruction from Grandmaster Donald Bohan and Grandmaster James Lacey in iron palm training and techniques and chi kung and martial meditation practices 1995 - Began training in Zen Buddhism under Roshi Langlois at the Zen Buddhist Center located in Chicago, IL 1999 - Began training in Buddhism under Wisdom Master Maticintin (Buddhist Temple located in British Columbia, Canada, just north of Westbridge, BC)