Now we're talking about keys and key signatures and how they affect the notes on the stave. And the key that we're most interested in right now is the key of C, which as you know, is made up of natural notes. And they're all just arraign. They're all the natural notes of the chromatic scale, just that they're arranged from the notes c instead of a. So the notes are C, D, E, F, G, A and B. And because it has only natural notes, it's known as a neutral key, and as the only neutral key, or the others are either a sharp key, which is made up of natural notes and sharp notes, or a flat key, which is made up of natural notes and flat notes.

So the notes of a key are collectively called the major scale of that key. So because we're in the key of C, we've got the C major scale here. So what we want to do is map out the C major scale on the stave. So I'm going to do Start by writing the treble clef. The octave below symbol. And we're just going to start on middle C. Now normally you'd write the key signature here in the space, just after the treble clef and before the music begins.

But because we don't have a key signature, we just leave that space blank. So we start on C, then we go D, E, F, G, A, and B. Now, the first note of the major scale is called the tonic note. And it's the most important note of the scale. When you start on a tonic note and move through the scale. It really has a nice sense of completion, if you can end on that tonic note as well.

So I'm just going to put another C to A north. And as you know, this C is an octave above, starting C, middle C. Now as you know when scale is moving from lower to higher, It's said to be a sending but we can Bring the scale back down again. So we can go B, A, G, F, E, D, and on C. Now we have the C major scale ascending and descending. Now let's just have a look at an example of the sharp key. Let's take the key of G, which is made up of the nodes G, A, B, C, D, E, and F sharp. And as you can see, it has six natural notes and one sharp note.

And the sharp note for the G major scale is going to be our key signature. So we're going to write the F sharp on the top line of the staves and put the treble clef in first and then write the key signature next to it and this key signature Obviously indicates that we were in the key of G. Now that we have the key signature, and we can map out the G major scale on the state, so we're going to start on G, A, B, C, D, E, and F sharp, and I don't have to write another sharp sign in because we already have the key signature, which indicates that every f note on the stave is going to be an F sharp instead of an F. So we can end on our tonic note G. And then we can bring the scale back down again.

So G, F sharp, E, D, C, B, A, and ending on our tonic again. Now we have the G major scale, a sending and descending. Now let's just check out one example of a flat key and we can use the key of F as an example. And the key of F has the loads F, G, A, B flat, C, D, and E. So it has six natural notes in one flat note. So we're going to use our flat note as the key signature. So the next thing to do is to write the treble clef and then we can write our B flat as the key signature.

Now we know that every note that falls on this line is going to be a B flat instead of a B. So now we can just draw in our F major scale starting on a note F, G, A, B flat, C, D, E and ending on the tonic. If And then we can bring it back down. So that's a sending or descending. And now we have our F major scale, a sending and descending. Now there's just one thing to be aware of if you are in a sharp or flat key, let's just take the key of G as an example.

So I'm going to write treble clef and the key signature for the key of G which is F sharp. And let's just say that we have a melody that goes, E, F sharp, G, F sharp, and back to you again. And let's just say for argument's sake that the composer wants to go to an F natural next, what you would need to do is write in a natural sun, and this natural sun would cancel out the key signature. For this note So you know to play an F natural instead of an F sharp. Now let's just do the same thing but with the key of F. So we've got our treble clef and our key signature for the key of F, B flat. And let's just say that we have a melody that goes A, B flat, A, G, A.

And let's say that the composer wants the next note to be a B natural instead of a B flat. Again, what you'd have to do is write in a natural sign to indicate that the next note would be a B natural instead of a B flat. So this natural sign cancels out the key signature just for this note, now as I mentioned, we're going to be mostly focused on the key of C. So in the next video, we're going to take the C major scale and see how we can take it off the stave and apply it to our guitar.