Lesson 11 processing hemp extract into products. Once an extract is created, it needs to be measured to determine the levels of the various compounds in it. This is a printout of a chromatograph which is generated from either high pressure liquid chromatography used for raw plants or gas chromatography used for dried plants. With these machines, you can take any kind of plant substance and get a breakdown of all the different components or molecules in it. As you can see here, the CBD is a high peak and the THC is a small fraction. Once they know what the particular chromatograph of that sample is, they can extract out the various compounds.
For example, you can extract out all of the THC or the CBD and create isolates from it. Depending on the product desired, manufacturers create one of three mixtures. Full Spectrum is the complete hemp extract including of the cannabinoids and terpenes in the plant providing the full entourage effect. broad spectrum has had the THC extracted out leaving all the terpenes and all the other cannabinoids and so that's a very good choice if you can't use any THC. If you have a highly sensitive job and get tested, you may not want to take full spectrum because there's a minimal amount of THC there even though it meets the legal requirements. Some companies will state that they have full spectrum with zero THC, but they actually have broad spectrum hemp extract.
CBD isolate is used in most scientific research so that a direct relationship between the substance and the effect is not confounded by other compounds. CBD isolate is also great for edibles because it has no taste or aroma. A terps of it is a CBD isolate, which has had specific terpenes from the hemp plant reintroduced and mixed with it combining the isolated compounds results in specific effects for products. Finally, a product will be made into a delivery system which influences bioavailability. bioavailability is the extent to which a substance is taken up by a specific tissue or organ after it has been administered. In the case of hemp oil, the delivery system is important because the oil is not water soluble, and blood is a water based substance.
If you swallow an oil based substance, it has to go through your digestive tract to the liver where the fat is metabolized. So it takes a bit of work, and you're not going to get nearly the percent of CBD into your bloodstream. That's why people put it under their tongue because the town has very thin skin so it absorbs through the skin into the bloodstream. There's another delivery system called lipid zomo or nano enhanced. Let's use salad dressing as an example. So CBD is oil based and blood is water based.
Like the vinegar, they don't mix and even if you shake them together and pour it out, you'll still get oil. So to mix these two things together, you need an emulsifier. When you emulsify a salad dressing, you can use lecithin or you can use mustard. To make hemp oil water soluble, it needs to be emulsified. They do this through a process called sonication, which will break it down into a size that blood will recognize as water loving and small enough to enter the cell wall without having to be metabolized by the liver first. This process renders the substance into a lipid.
Lipids ohms were developed 40 years ago in the drug industry, they will take anything that is an oil based substance and put it into a nano sized form, measuring it in nanometers. Lipids ohms easily bypass the destructive elements in the gastric system in a the encapsulated nutrients to be delivered into the cells and tissues which increases by available Ability absorption if it like a zoom or a nanoparticle can be 100%. It goes to work as soon as you put it in your mouth and begins to be absorbed into the bloodstream. And that's why people experience a benefit from water soluble CBD more rapidly than they would anything that is oil based.