Welcome to clinical data management program using SAS. In this video we'll be discussing about using SQL in SAS. So we will discuss about the following topics that is about what is SQL what is SQL procedure and the terminologies SQL. SQL stands for Structured Query Language where we write a query to create a table or to modify your table to add columns to delete columns to filter data. That is we can do a particular task we can perform a particular task with less number of steps. So Structured Query Language is a standardized, widely used language that retrieves and updates data in relational tables and databases.

Structured Query Language is a domain specific language used in programming and is designed for managing data held in a relational database management system or for stream processing in a relational data stream management system. It is particularly useful in handling structured data there there are relations between different entities or variables of the data. Next, let's discuss about what is the US procedures yes club procedures SAP implementation of structured query language. proc SQL is a part of the software you can use it with any business software. proc SQL is just like any other SAS procedures by before profits will return to report notice aspartic acid the proper SQL is a type of proc step in SAS you can use proc SQL in the basis offered only it is used to generate reports and it gives us result viewers it does not return a decaf so profits tool is used to generate reports generate summary statistics retrieve data from tables or views.

Combine data from tables or views, create tables views indexes, update the data values in proc SQL tables, update and retrieve data from database management system tables. modify our practice to a table by adding modifying or dropping columns. proc SQL can be used in an interactive SAS session or within bash programs. And it can include global statements such as title and options, so title statement to incorporate Your title at the top of your reporters as an option statement is used to modify our log window and our output window. Okay, now let's discuss about the different terminologies of SQL. A proc SQL table is the same as a SAS data file.

It is a SAS file of type data. proc SQL tables consists of rows and columns. The rows correspond to observations in SAS data files, and the columns correspond to variables the format table lists equal terms that are used in SQL SAS and traditional data processing. So if I have a data which is called a file normally it is known as the SAS data set is faster and it has to discard a table or record is called observation in custom in row in SQL two of these is called a variable in SAS term and a column in SQL two now let's understand the basic SQL syntax our SQL procedure starts with proc SQL then we give a semi colon the basic SQL syntax it ends by quick statement in generally in SAS we always use wrong statement we end up procedure with run but in practice can be Bear, quit and then semicolon.

Now within the queries there are three basic clauses that are used to select from and where statements within the SQL step are made of smaller building blocks or clauses The following are the basic clauses that is select from and where there is one semicolon at the end of each query. After we enter one full query, we give a semicolon, not at the end of each clause to give us a regular query, not at the end of clause. So what is the SELECT clause select clauses to select the variables that should be displayed in our as as the word or in our table. That's why we have given select here the variable names we get given, should be separated by commas. And if we want to select all the variables from our data set or table then we can give stop start denotes all the variables so the SELECT clause identifies columns to include in the query result or table columns listed in the SELECT clause are separated by commas.

There is no comma following the last video will in the list. To select all columns we use asterisk in place of the column names From our interface that from which table the data should be read from, we have to give the name of the SAS dataset. And then WHERE clause WHERE clause we can mention the expression or the criteria, which is used to filter the data WHERE clause is basically used to filter data. So in this video we'll be doing in my next video, I'll be discussing about SQL essentials. Thank you Goodbye. See her for the next video.