Now let's look at file editing, which really ties to this point in the previous sections. And now it is time to have a closer look. For this let's go to our work directory where we created our shell script. Here we will edit our bundled sh file using nano editor. I will add a few more commands to the script. I will print the current date using date command.

I will wait for two seconds using sleep command and I will print another text and it will print the date again I will save the file using Ctrl o confirm quit using Ctrl x. Let's execute the script again. It is printing the date waits for two seconds and prints the date again. Let's now go back to the file. We can navigate in the file in a similar way as we did with the last few, we're using navigation arrows left and right up and down. We can also go to the beginning and end of each line with combination Ctrl A and Ctrl E. We can go to the last line of the file without slash and to the first line without backslash.

We can also search in the file using Ctrl W. I will type in the equal string that I want to search for. If I press Ctrl w again and then press enter it will search for echo again We can copy a line using Ctrl K and paste it using Ctrl u, I can do it twice. I can also copy paste multiple lines at once, pressing CTRL k twice and control U. I would now like to quit the nano editor by pressing Ctrl x. But I don't want to save all the changes so i discard them by pressing n. Let's go back to the editor once again. In the bottom of the screen you can see some most useful key combinations I should Ctrl G to get help. If I make the screen even bigger, there will be even more commands visible.

I will now press Ctrl G to see the help. As you can see, there are tons of key combinations available for your service to make your work much more efficient. There's a quite a funny story behind them nano. The name is a recursive acronym which gets clear when read Nanos, another editor. nano was created as a free clone of the editor called Pico. And as you can probably guess, these applications resemble the names of powers of 10.

Pico stands for Python composer, which was the text editor for the mail client called pine. It is a text made client. Some people might still actually use it, it was quite useful to check mails when you work on a remote server. In general, text editors like nano or Pico can be very handy when you don't have direct access to file editing with the user interface. For example, when you work on remote computer, there are also numerous other editors such as VI, vim or Emacs. In my opinion, nano is easier to learn to the first editor as it doesn't have that much possibilities as VI and he might have.

Nonetheless, later on, you will probably want to learn tools for more advanced editing Such as writing code. All of the text editors have their own space so to say. I'll press Ctrl X to quit. There's one more command that I'd like to mention here, which is called touch. If I add a file name to the TTY argument empty file, it will create a new empty file with this name. Let's look at this file attributes using LS with one additional arguments dash dash full time to see the modification date with the seconds.

Now let's run the tight command once again. We can see that modification date was updated to the time when the touch command was run last. In this previous lecture, we looked at how to view and edit files using more Common utilities such as cat, last and nano. Each of these utilities have a wide range of forecasts for efficient navigation, most common of which I summarized in the cheat sheet. If you want to try out other shortcuts, you can find them in the internet and the corresponding documentation pages or in the blogs. This way you will familiarize yourself with the powerful capabilities these tools have.

On a general note, there are so many applications for file view in editing, especially when we're talking about working with source code. Depending on the programming language, various applications offer a specific set of capabilities and shortcuts. I recommend you to try out many different editors and find the ones you like most and that suits your needs. It is always nice to know what tools are in your pocket and when it is the time to use them. In the next lecture, we will look at file management to copy and move them around.