Module five, understanding motivation. You can't always get into the head of another person. Even if this were possible understanding what motivates another person can be so complex, that even that person is unaware of her his motivations. However, to a certain degree, the essence of leadership is getting others to do what you need them to do, as if it were their original motives themselves. While you may not be able to specifically identify another person's motives, there is a good rule of thumb that was developed by Kenneth Burke called dramatis ism. dramatists from the Canadian rock group rush once saying, all the world's indeed a stage and we are merely players.

To be fair, they borrowed this notion from William Shakespeare who noted that each person is like this Star actor in his or her own plane. KENNETH Burke developed his theory of drama tourism based on this notion. If you understand that people see themselves as the star of their own drama, this can be the first steps towards making a good guess as to what motivates them. If you can, at the very least think in terms of how other people are motivated, you are better able to develop compassion for them. with compassion, you are better able to understand another person's needs and how to meet those needs while motivating the person to help me your or your company needs. The Pinto the key aspect of Burke's dramatis ism is word referred to as the Pinta.

But if you have ever taken a class in journalism, you may recognize that the Pinta in another form The five W's, the print ad, and the five W's are similar and both allow you to think about who is doing what to whom, and how and why they are doing it. Here is the Pinta ad, and how it relates to the five W's seen. The scene is something is the same thing as the where and the when of the five W's. This doesn't merely refer to the physical place, where something may be occurring, but to the overall environment as well. When and where something occurs may explain exactly why the situation is playing out what it is, agent. This refers to the actor or actors in a given situation.

This also corresponds to the who in the five W's. When you look at the motives behind people's behaviors, who they are can be wanted a source of motives, but their environment and other factors or the pin tag could also be the sources of their motivation. For an example, someone who comes to work not dressed properly may be simply rebelling against work policies. In this case, the motive is more about this particular person. Another positive motive, however, is that this person has been out of work so long that she or he does not have the nice clothes needed to meet the office policy. In this case, the mode is not really about the person or the agent, but more about the scene or situation.

This person having been out of work so long to not have the appropriate clothes act. That act is similar to the what in the five W's and this action what is taking place in any given situation. If you are assigned some work to an employee or who didn't finish the work in the time that you expected, you could look at motivation in terms of the agent. And in this case, the employee needs more training or maybe doesn't work as hard as you would expect. However, another possible motive lies in the action itself. Perhaps the task you assigned is a complicated enough task that cannot be accomplished in the time that you expect, or this can at least be a major factor.

Agency. The agency aspect of a penta does not strictly conform to the five W's However, if you add the question of how this gets to what agency is referring to, in the previous example, the nature of the work you assigned to the employee might be difficult, and you may already realize that the employee is a diligent worker who tends to perform Well, however, if the employee pick an insufficient way to go about working on the assignment, this could explain why it didn't meet up with your expectations. This would place the motive other than agency where the problem is not the act itself, nor the agent or seen, but instead the problem is how the agent is going about doing the act. Purpose. The purpose of the Pinta corresponds to the why of the five W's. Imagine that in our previous example, you gave an assignment to an employee who didn't complete the assignment and what you considered was a reasonable amount of time.

If you have looked at all the other aspects of the pintech to get an idea of why this is so analyzing the purpose may help. Perhaps your employee didn't understand why this task was necessary or what it was trying to accomplish. As you can see when you use the tactic analyze situation, it allows you to think about all different aspects of the situation. An effective leader won't simply blame the employee for not living up to an expectation. Instead, leaders who are effective can analyze the different aspects of a situation in terms of the pin tag, and to understand the situation better, it may turn out the employee was perfectly justified and not living up to an expectation and you have to say both employee and yourself the heart feelings created from a misplaced lecture, guilt and redemption. According to Burke, on some level, most people in our society and culture are motivated by guilt.

He uses this term loosely to include emotions such as shame, disgust, anxiety and embarrassment from this view point people at to try to avoid human emotions or to find redemption, which is what makes those feelings go away. It is this attempt to move from guilt to redemption that puts an individual's drama and drama tourism. These are the few factors that contribute in a large way to people's feelings of guilt and inadequacy, the social order or hierarchy. As people interact with each other, we unconsciously and consciously create a sort of pecking order through our language and concepts. This gives individuals a sense of relation to others in terms of being perceived as equals or as superior or inferior to another person or group of people. The negative in this sense, is an act of rejecting your place in this perceived social order.

Burke used the term rotten with perfection, to describe the situation where people realize that their place in a social hierarchy is to some degree arbitrary. Those who inhabit a superior position may feel guilt or an anxiety because of language includes a notion of perfection that is impossible to achieve in actuality. For an example, someone who is known for being particularly generous, might experience shame or guilt for wanting to put himself or herself first on occasion. The idea of perfect generosity is unattainable so the person feels guilty pushing them to seek redemption. Someone in an inferior social position might realize that he or she is not as lowly as circumstances bear out and this becomes a motivation towards redemption. victimization is another factor in this drama where the person made perhaps feel guilty lays the blame for her history.

Circumstances on external source, another person or societal conditions. There are two types of victims universal, which blames everyone and everything and fractional way person blames a specific group or individual in vilifying the other person, the guilty person can assume an heroic role in their drama. redemption is the final stage of this type of drama, where the person purges guilt through a kind of death or either symbolic as an a transformation and character or confessional, one sins, deeds or an actuality by truly die. It is uncommon and disrespectful for an example to speak ill of the dead. Burke considered the redemption state as a transformation where one transcends the old order of social hierarchies and a new Order is created. You can look at birds transition from guilt to redemption as the following two paths.

The first begins with the status quo followed by the guild or an anxiety about one's place in the status quo, followed by identifying and escape go. Follow confession and repentance which lead to the transformation of the older order in the newer order. This description of the mode move from guilt redemption can be helpful in understanding how people come to actively dislike others. Often at the root of ill will is a feeling of inadequacy and guilt and an individual identification. Another aspect of Burke's theory of drama, drama tourism is called identification. If you have ever heard someone say, I have said yourself, I can really identify with that person.

You're getting at the heart of what Burke means by identification. And some way it is the opposite of being a victim. When you identify with someone else, you are able to feel empathy and compassion for them. In identification, something of you webs off on the other person with whom you identify, and something of that person rubs off on you. In leadership, you create an unconscious willingness to be led in another person by identifying with that person and trying to meet other person's needs. When you go out of your way to allow an employee off for vacation, he or she is excited about you create in that person, a willingness to follow you and make your goals their goals.