When working with colors, you will often see people colors using these hexadecimal codes, especially if you're doing web design. Most likely, you already use these hexadecimal codes to define colors in HTML or CSS codes. If you open vendors color picker, you can see the hex tab in here where we can input color or copy and paste the color in hexadecimal code format. Usually in other graphic software, hexadecimal color code preceded with a hash mark or a sharp symbol like this. In this video, we are going to discuss the underlying structure of these hexadecimal color codes. So later, you can use them convincingly and be able to change the color just by tweaking the numbers.

Quick explanation first, these hexadecimal codes can be divided into three groups, each with double digits. So the first two digits are actually four. Red color, the second two digits are for green color, and Leslie the third two digits are for the blue color value. Okay, you might be wondering by now how come we have these numbers and letters all mixed up like this. In standard RGB eight bits per channel images, each channel will have a digits, and in each digit we can have a value of zero or one. Now, if we divide these eight bits into left wing and right wing, we can have four digits at the left and four digits at the right because we have four probable spaces and each with two possible values, we can calculate the maximum number of variations we can have and that will be to Power BI for equals to 16 variations each, okay, so each one can have a value between one to 16.

But if we start from zero, then we get zero to 15 values. Do idea here is how can we write each of these wings with only one digit, not four digits like this is when we are using binaries, or not using two digits like this is when we are using decimal. The answer is by writing the value in hexadecimal. So what is actually hexadecimal? Well, we all know about this Mo, right? We count from one to three, up until nine.

Then after we reach 10, we actually doing a loop here we are back to zero, then 11 1213, etc. Basically, using decimal for each 10th value, we are looping the counting order. This behavior exists mostly because we as humans have 10 fingers. Now just imagine here for a second, let's say you encounter an alien race that has 16 fingers instead of 10. How do you think they will call numbers using the decimal system? Not likely.

Big chance they will use a hexadecimal system. hexadecimal system look the counting order, not when it reaches the amount of 10. But when it reaches 16. Now, if we borrow the system, we can use only one digit to refer the value of each of this wing. But wait, we still have a problem here. We don't have number of symbols greater than nine.

How can we symbolize numbers like 10 1112 until 15 in hexadecimal, then, well, we can hack it, we can use letters instead. So as decimal goes like this 1234 until we reach nine, after that, we have 1011 and so on. in hexadecimal, we have 123 up until nine, we still have the same symbols here. But when we reach 10, we use letter A, then B 411, and so on until f 415. When we 16 Then we have 10. So 10 in hexadecimal value is equal to the amount of 16 in decimal values.

Okay, so by using the system at one digit space, we can have a minimum value of zero, which is equal to the amount of zero also in decimal, and the maximum value of f, which is equal to the amount of 15 in decimal. So now with only six digits, we can define any RGB colors that we like. Sometimes you will also encounter three digits color value are also known as web safe colors. Please don't be confused with these codes as basically they are double values. So for example, if we have 378, like this, the real value for this is actually 3377. A double three double seven in double A.

Now web safe color is the legacy of the old The standard when computers still have limited colors, and also limited bandwidth. Nowadays, they really not important at all. Several hints when working with hexadecimal values when all of the values zero, either six digits like 00000 or just 000. using web safe color format, both of these numbers mean black, as in RGB color model, no light means black. If we have all of the values set to F, such as F F F, or F F, F F F, this means the color is white, white is the strongest color as all of the RGB channels are set to its maximum values. Next, we also can tell if the color is grayscale. And that is when each number of our G and B values are identical.

So for example, 12 1212 like this or four Four e four e or CCC. All of these are grayscale color values.